While a typical pregnancy lasts around 40 weeks, some babies are born early, before the 37th week. Unfortunately, this happens more often than we might think—it is estimated that in 2020, 13.4 million babies worldwide were born prematurely. The good news? Thanks to medical advancements, most premature neonates not only survive but also grow and develop just like other children. (1)(2)


However, understanding the causes of premature birth allows you to take steps to prevent its occurrence or recurrence in subsequent pregnancies.


What are the causes of premature birth?

Approximately 50% of premature births occur without a known cause. However, there are certain factors that increase the risk of premature birth, including: (1) (3)


  • Uterine or cervical issues, such as uterine fibroids or cervical incompetence, where the cervix opens prematurely during pregnancy.
  • Multiple pregnancies (twins, triplets, etc.).
  • Maternal chronic conditions or health issues, such as diabetes, hypertension, or infections.
  • Placental problems, such as placenta Previa, placenta accrete, or placental abruption.
  • A history of premature birth in previous pregnancies.
  • Psychological or physical stress.
  • Poor nutrition or inadequate prenatal care.
  • Obesity or excessive thinness.
  • Harmful habits during pregnancy, such as smoking or alcohol consumption.
  • Age under 17 years or over 35 years.
  • Pregnancy within less than 6 months of a previous pregnancy. (4)


In some emergency situations that pose a threat to the life of the mother or the fetus, doctors may be forced to induce premature labor, such as in cases of preeclampsia.


How is Premature Birth Managed?

Once you enter the hospital, the supervising doctor will examine the pelvis and perform other tests to evaluate the condition of the cervix and monitor the health of the fetus. (1)


You may be given medications to temporarily prevent uterine contractions, allowing you to remain hospitalized under observation and receive appropriate treatment. Within 12 to 24 hours before delivery, you might receive a corticosteroid injection to help mature your baby's lungs, which reduces the risk of complications associated with very premature birth, such as breathing difficulties. (1)


During birth, there is a specialist medical team from the neonatal unit, who will look after your baby immediately after birth, and may use some specialist equipment, such as an incubator, to help keep your baby warm, and provide him with oxygen when needed, as well as any medications if necessary. (1)


The baby is then transferred to the preterm care unit, where he will receive specialized medical care until he grows and develops normally, and his condition completely stabilizes, and then he is allowed to return home. (1)




At Al-Ahli Hospital, we offer you the most advanced neonatal intensive care unit in Qatar, equipped with the latest medical technologies and staffed by specialized professionals in newborn and premature infant care, available 24/7.



How Can Premature Birth Be Prevented?

You can take important steps to help reduce the risk of premature birth and improve your overall health. Here are some of these steps: (5) (6)


  • Early and periodic follow-up with a specialist doctor to monitor your health and the health of your fetus, and intervene when needed to prevent any complications.
  • Good control of chronic health conditions, such as diabetes or high blood pressure.
  • Get good care during pregnancy.
  • Maintain a healthy weight, follow a balanced diet, and avoid smoking and alcohol completely.
  • Consult a doctor immediately if any warning signs or symptoms of premature birth appear, to take any necessary measures early, which may help prevent premature birth.
  • Adequate pregnancies intervales (at least 18 months); to reduce the risk of premature birth.


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